Changes in culture occur
a. only rarely, as a result of natural or human-caused crises
b. only when forced on a society by another culture
c. in all societies, but at varying rates.
d. frequently and on a large scale in most societies
One of the factors involved in cultural change in Oaxacan society is that
a. traditional farming can no longer support a family
b. woman are no longer permitted to go to school
c. people are migrating out of cities to the rural areas
d. many are getting rich in Mexico’s oil industry
Oaxaca is a good example of a _______________ society, because it is made up of a number of distinct ethnic and linguistic groups in addition to the mainstream Spanish- speaking majority.
a ethnocentric
b. pluralistic
c. ethnographic
d. ethnological
Cultural breakdown may occur if a society does not strike a balance between the self-interest of individuals and the
a. economy
b. needs of other societies
c. demands of the society as a whole
d. self-interest of leaders
Cultural relativism is defined as the idea that
a. one’s own culture is superior to all others.
b. each culture can be judged only according to its own standards and values
c. each culture influences all other societies with which it comes in contact
d. the study of behavior is more significant than the study of value and standards
As a basis for evaluating culture, cultural relativism
a. is an extreme viewpoint similar to "anything goes"
b. judges other cultures in terms of ones own values and standards
c. is the only scientific criterion acceptable to contemporary social scientists
d. was the basis on which the earliest European explorers judged other people
Systematic description of people in one society based on firsthand observation is the principal activity of a(n)
a ethnographer
b.ethnologist
c. physical anthropologist
d. archaeologist
Which of the following best describes the purpose of ethnology?
a. It provides a basis for comparison of different cultures and develop plausible hypotheses to explain them
b. It explains why cultures differ from each other.
c. It helps to discover how all parts of a society fit together.
d. It studies the material objects left behind by an earlier society
Anthropologist attempt to avoid cultural bias in their observations and conclusions by
a. literally immersing themselves in their fieldwork until they can see how various aspects of society fit together
b. comparing each observation with similar phenomena in a known or familiar culture
c. relying strongly on questionnaires and other standard forms prepared before the studies began
d. studying documents prepared by missionaries and traders who visited the society first
Early anthropologist in the United States and Canada focused their research efforts on documenting the societies of
a. North and West Africa
b. East and South Asian countries
c. the disappearing indigenous cultures in their own territories
d. the mainstream societies in their own countries
Margaret Mead was one the first U.S. anthropologist to do ____________, focusing on the cultural disintegration of the Omaha Indians of Nebraska under pressure to adopt the ways of the dominant culture.
a. salvage ethnography
b. applied anthropology
c. acculturation studies
d. peasant studies
______________ is a problem-oriented discipline of anthropology with a mission to apply anthropological methods and knowledge to help communities to solve practical problems.
a. Salvage anthropology
b. Applied anthropology
c. Acculturation studies
d. Peasant studies
One of the most recent uses of anthropology is multi-sited ethnography, which employs the methods of anthropology investigates the effects of ____________ on a number of peoples and cultures.
a. colonization
b. globalization
c. exploration
d. reflexivity
One of the factors that can influence whether the ethnographer is accepted by the people being studied is
a. the ethnographer’s own identity in terms of gender, religion, and skin color.
b. how many gifts the ethnographer gives them
c. the ethnographer’s political party membership
d. how much time the ethnographer spends making notes and analyzing data
In the Biocultural Connection sidebar on "Pig Lovers and Pig Haters," Marvin Harris explanation from the materialist perspective of why the early Hebrew religion forbade the consumption of pig meat is based on the fact that
a. pigs were inherently unclean
b. pigs caused disease
c. pigs were a direct competitor with humans for food
d. the Hebrews already disliked pig meat
One of the ways that anthropologists protect the rights of the people they study is
a. to get their written informed consent to participate in the research
b. to hide the identity of the academic institution sponsoring the research
c. to assure them that legal assistance will be provided to them in
Changes in culture occur
b. only when forced on a society by another culture
One of the factors involved in cultural change in Oaxacan society is that
a. traditional farming can no longer support a family
Oaxaca is a good example of a _______________ society, because it is made up of a number of distinct ethnic and linguistic groups in addition to the mainstream Spanish- speaking majority.
b. pluralistic
Cultural breakdown may occur if a society does not strike a balance between the self-interest of individuals and the
c. demands of the society as a whole
Cultural relativism is defined as the idea that
b. each culture can be judged only according to its own standards and values
As a basis for evaluating culture, cultural relativism
c. is the only scientific criterion acceptable to contemporary social scientists
Systematic description of people in one society based on firsthand observation is the principal activity of a(n)
a ethnographer
Which of the following best describes the purpose of ethnology?
a. It provides a basis for comparison of different cultures and develop plausible hypotheses to explain them
Anthropologist attempt to avoid cultural bias in their observations and conclusions by
b. comparing each observation with similar phenomena in a known or familiar culture
Early anthropologist in the United States and Canada focused their research efforts on documenting the societies of
c. the disappearing indigenous cultures in their own territories
Margaret Mead was one the first U.S. anthropologist to do ____________, focusing on the cultural disintegration of the Omaha Indians of Nebraska under pressure to adopt the ways of the dominant culture.
c. acculturation studies
______________ is a problem-oriented discipline of anthropology with a mission to apply anthropological methods and knowledge to help communities to solve practical problems.
b. Applied anthropology
One of the most recent uses of anthropology is multi-sited ethnography, which employs the methods of anthropology investigates the effects of ____________ on a number of peoples and cultures.
b. globalization
One of the factors that can influence whether the ethnographer is accepted by the people being studied is
d. how much time the ethnographer spends making notes and analyzing data
In the Biocultural Connection sidebar on "Pig Lovers and Pig Haters," Marvin Harris explanation from the materialist perspective of why the early Hebrew religion forbade the consumption of pig meat is based on the fact that
a. pigs were inherently unclean
One of the ways that anthropologists protect the rights of the people they study is
a. to get their written informed consent to participate in the research
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These are historic times for traders. In order to take advantage of upcoming trading opportunities, we must be prepared. Here’s how. Part 1.